Teenage Pregnancy Society s Biggest Problem - 1503 Words

Teenage Pregnancy Teenage Pregnancy is society s biggest problem, there are so many ways to prevent it, also many advices from people and many decisions a teen parent must make in life. It is today s biggest issue because it affects teen parent s future in many results. The three most important things that it affects is education, financial problems, and being a teenage parent. Those three important things are key to each other in order to succeed in life. Teenage Parents are most likely to struggle with these issues and the child will grow up with many different kinds of problems in their life. Most of that will cause poverty and types of drugs too in their future. The first and most important thing†¦show more content†¦That is why thousands of people come to america to live a better life and have a education but in america teenagers rather have a family at a young age and end their education at that point thinking they’re gonna find a way out but can t. Most teenagers come from other countries that don’t speak english to have a education and a bright future so they won’t go back to poverty like in their home country. Even though they really don’t understand english they try really hard to process school and english at the same time. But some of America’s teenagers don’t care if they can speak english and have a education, they rather pay attention to women and have sexual contact and end their education. Education is special value to everyone and people who had ended their education they regret it because without education they got nowhere in life. This is why education is very important and a special opportunity. The second issue that affects the teenage parents is financial problems. Financial problems is the biggest problem in a teenage parent’s life. Everything in life requires money and payments like food,home,medical and other things like that. How will teenage parents earn money if they’re parents at a young age. If they’re at the age of 16-18 then they probably have a 55% percent chance to get a job if they’re still continuing their education. But if they’re not continuing their education and trying to find a job, they’re likely not going to find a job because

Cloning Of C. Elegans - 907 Words

Introduction In 1993 Victor Ambros and colleagues discovered that lin-4, a gene known to control the timing of C. elegans larval development does not code for a protein but instead produces a pair of small RNAs [1, 2]. For seven years after the discovery of the lin-4 RNA there was no evidence for lin-4-like RNAs beyond nematodes. This all changed upon the discovery that let-7, another gene in the C. elegans encoded a second ~22 nt regulatory RNA. Homologs of the let-7 gene were soon identified in human and fly genomes, and let-7 RNA itself was detected in human, Drosophila, and eleven other bilateral animals [3]. One year later, a total of over one hundred additional genes for tiny noncoding RNAs were detected. The RNA products of these†¦show more content†¦This arrangement provides a convenient mechanism for the coordinated expression of a miRNA and a protein. Regulatory scenarios are easy to imagine in which such coordinate expression could be useful, which would explain the conserved relationships between miRNAs and host mRNAs. A striking example of this conservation involves mir-7, found in the intron of hnRNP K in both insects and mammals [11]. The majority of worm and human miRNA genes are isolated and not clustered. [12, 13] Orthologs of C. elegans lin-4 and let-7 are clustered in the fly and human genomes and are coexpressed, sometimes from the same primary transcript. A 693 bp genomic fragment rescues the lin-4 deficiency, implying that all the elements required for the regulation and initiation of transcription are located in this short segment [1]. Some of the more interesting genomic locations of miRNA genes include those in the Hox clusters. The mir-10 gene lies in the Antennapedia complex of insects and in the orthologous locations in two Hox clusters of mammals [15, 16]. The Hox miRNAs are especially good candidates for having interesting functions in animal development. Nearly all of the cloned miRNAs are conserved in closely related animals such as human and mouse, or C. elegans and C. briggsae [16, 17]. Many mi RNAs are conserved concerved more broadlyShow MoreRelatedEssay On The Study Of C. Elegans793 Words   |  4 Pagesspecific deficient C. elegans mutant have been performed using mammalian orthologues for the deficient gene in question. These phenotypic rescues are done so by the introduction of cDNA of the deficient gene via a plasmid vector. A phenotypic rescue of ngl-2 deficient C. elegans mutants using human and rat NGL-2 cDNA was successful (Calahorro and Ruiz-Rubio 2012). This suggests that orthologous mammal ian genes can be used to perform a phenotypic rescue on a deficient C. elegans, mutant. The aim ofRead MoreA Research Study On Cultured And Handled At 20. C Using Standard Methods ( Brenner ) Essay1268 Words   |  6 PagesNematodes were cultured and handled at 20  °C using standard methods (Brenner, 1974). C. elegans strains used in this study are as follows: N2 Bristol and MR156: rrIs01[Pelt-2::GFP; unc-119(+)] X, which were used as wild type. CB3514: lin-23(e1883)/dpy-10(e128) II, YHS47: lin-23(e1883)/dpy-10(e128) II; rrIs01[Pelt-2::GFP + unc-119(+)] X, DH2: zyg-11(b2) II. DS97: mat-2(ax76) II, EU593: mel-26(or184) I, EU640: cul-2(or209) III, UP63: mat-3(ku233) III, NJ582: cul-1(e1756)/unc-69(e587) III, VC141: zif-1(gk117)Read MoreRna Interference ( Rnai ) Drugs1382 Words   |  6 PagesThe medicines currently produced can actually stop the production of certain proteins to treat specific illnesses, essentially making a genetic â€Å"off switch† for certain genes. A common focus of RNAi is targeting cancers, liver disease, and Hepatitis C., by utilizing sm all single and double sided RNA segments that alter the host RNA, allowing for little to no DNA change while stopping the function and reproduction of the target. One of the only downsides to this kind of treatment is that it is nonreversibleRead MoreRapid Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Mapping1859 Words   |  8 PagesChondraah Holmes Dr. Julie Hall Cell Biology Genetics 18 March 2016 Rapid single nucleotide polymorphism mapping in C. elegans Technique Review SNP Mapping Related to the Literature Article Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are any type of variation that can occur in the genome (Jabukowski Kornfeld, 1999). SNP mapping is a well-recognized technique within the field of C. elegans research (Zipperlen et al., 2005, Swan, Curtis, McKusick, Volnov, Mapa, Cancilla, 2002, Kaletta Hengartner, 2006)Read More Functional Genomic Analysis of C. elegans Using RNA Interference2879 Words   |  12 Pagesimportant experiment, do you know what a nematode is? Specifically, this experiment used Caenorhabditis elegans, C. elegans for short. C. elegans is a little worm (just like the kind you find in the ground), but has a very special place in modern biochemistry: scientists have mapped its entire genomic sequence. This sequence lets scientists know the character and location of all C. elegans genes. However, biochemists do not yet fully understand what each gene does and the goal of this experimentRead MoreFor My Final Clone Report, I Choose To Write About T6Dl4.17.Below2757 Words   |  12 Pagesalignments were different for the same protein. Overall, I determined the 5’ UTR to be G1-A28 and the ORF to be A29-G1051. What is your gene similar to? What is the ORF sequence name of the C. elegans homolog (i.e. ZC101.2)? If there is a gene name (i.e. unc-52), what is it? The name of the homolog of my gene in C. elegans is act-3 and its gene id is 179533. It is similar to ACT-1, ACT-2, and ACT-4. Its locus is T04C12.4 and it is also known as ACTin family member (act-3). What does the protein encodedRead MoreThe Mechanisms Linking Ribosomal Translation And Pre Mrna Processing10128 Words   |  41 Pagesproposed to explain how this process is carried out. 1.4. Factors involved in NMD NMD factors were initially identified in genetic screens in random mutants of budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. His- mutants contain his4-38 mutant allele – a G/C insertion which results in the shift of histidine open reading frame. In a genetic background of tRNA frameshift suppressor in which four-base codons are also recognized and translated, the reading frame is restored and histidine expressed (His+ phenotype)Read More Human Genome Project Essay4868 Words   |  20 Pagesorganisms other than the human. Comparative mapping studies are being carried out simultaneously in a number of other organisms, especially in the laboratory mouse (Mus musculus), the fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster), a nematode worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and Escherichia coli. Comparisons of DNA sequences and the chromosomal organization of related genes and clusters of genes from different organisms are powerful tools for identifying the elements essential for theirRead MoreCell Biology Final Essay30093 Words   |  121 PagesA) ribosomes B) oxidative phosphorylation C) DNA molecules -D) a nucleus 2. Cytoplasmic organelles are - A) absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells. B) present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. C) present in prokaryotic cells; absent in eukaryotic cells. D) absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3. Eukaryotic chromosomes contain _______ DNA molecules. A) single linear B) single circular -C) multiple linear D) multiple circular

Australia Competition and Consumer Commission

Question: Discuss about the Australia Competition and Consumer Commission. Answer: Introduction The Australian automotive industry is on its way to lose biggest car manufacturers such as Ford, Toyota, and Holden- a General Motors subsidiary. There are some who blame the Australian local government for the demise. The reason behind the fact is the refusal that the Australian government had once made in the year 2013. The government did not come to the rescue, which was needed to resolve the issues related to the high Australian dollar, shrinking domestic market and the elevated production cost. The existing scenario has already been responsible for several job cuts, which were supplied through reputed brands in the automotive industry. Politicians have expressed their grief concerns over the scenario; however, nothing seems to be happening at the practical level (Williams 2017). However, there are still hopes alive as Tesla has shown its interest in the market. The company is planning to introduce the Electric Vehicles (EVs) in Australia. The concept has a good reception in some other regions such as China, the UK, and France. The governments of the respective countries have supported the concept (ABC News 2017). The paper this investigates the existing and the future state of the automotive industry in Australia. Five forces analysis PESTLE analysis of automotive industry in Australia Political The existing political state is less supportive of the automotive industry. The refusal of the Australian government to rescue the declining automotive industry in 2013 probably supports the same fact. The supports had needed on the increasing value of the Australian dollar that resulted in high costs for the production. Additionally, the supports were also required to avail the relief that has been shaken by the shrinking domestic market. The political parties have expressed their saddened views on the declining industry. Such grief does not look handful at the moment (Williams 2017). However, the future of the automotive industry may witness a change provided the local government shows a changed concern for the same (Wollmann 2012). Economic There are several reasons behind the collapsing automotive industry in Australia. The industry could not take advantage of the economies of scale as the Australian market is very small. Consequently, they had to rely on foreign resources to get the materials as well as the labors. This has worked until the time when trade tariffs were manageable and the value of Australian dollar was also profitable. However, the situation has now changed as the trade tariffs have increased. There is an appreciation in the Australian dollar. Additionally, the unions have demanded higher wages and a better working condition. These are some factors that have hampered the competitiveness of the Australian automotive industry (Swinburne.edu.au 2017). Social Australia is amongst the top nations that have the highest GDP per capita. The fact does state that the Australian population is highly capable of purchasing the cars (Tradingeconomics.com 2017). Additionally, customers purchase cars for their different purposes. They need fun on roads, which is possible through the different transport modes that also include the cars. They also need cars to serve their daily purpose (Shende 2014). The destruction of the automotive industry has in it a very less contribution to the customers. However, the future of cars manufacturing can be brighter provided the country welcomes the Electric Vehicles (EVs). The Australian government was held responsible for the destruction as they did not provide any relief against the identified challenges. Additionally, the common people have in them a very less interest towards the Electric Vehicles (EVs). They are less fascinated by the concept as the customers of other regions are such as China, France, and the UK (Axsen and Kurani 2012). Technological The technological infrastructure has also been influenced by the appreciated value of Australian dollar. The investments have been less in the Research Development (RD) process. The existing technology is about to end. However, Electric Vehicles (EVs) may encourage a revival. This is so because the physical layout, which is involved in the manufacturing of Electric Vehicles have less moving parts. This further means that there will be the fewer requirements of workers. This will help to save on wages expenditures on the workers. This was indeed one of the reasons behind the worrying condition of automotive industry in Australia. The Federal Government needs to support the concept through making investments in the improvement of technology. This can be attained through new plants and the new car manufacturing designs (Roberts and Grover 2012). Environmental The environmental pressure is almost the same in the worldwide automotive industry. This is because of the incrementing greenhouse gas emissions. Such emissions are greatly contributed by the different transporting means. Cars are one of those transporting means. People now have much awareness of the reasons behind the polluting environment. This has brought differences in the existing trend in the automotive industry. Consequently, the major automotive industries have already considered switching to the alternative option that is the Electric Vehicles (EVs). China, France, and the UK are some of those markets. The existing environmental facts are now much in favor of electric vehicles. However, there are doubts in the battery charging stations that are supposed to emit CO2. Despite the fact, the electric vehicles produce comparatively very less CO2 (Zhou, Ou and Zhang 2013). Legal The automotive industry does also need a solid legal support to enhance the manufacturing practices and reduce the few of the existing barriers. There is a need to bring changes in the laws policies to allow customers import their new vehicles directly. There is also the need to revise the state of play in relation to the data of vehicle repair. An analysis is required to monitor the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) involvement in the automotive industry (Richards et al. 2012). Profitability of the industry The industry is towards the end. It has been the place for some of the most reputed car manufacturing brands in the world. Mitsubishi, Ford, Toyota, and Holden- a subsidiary of General Motors had all attracted towards the market (Anaf et al. 2013). The industry could have been profitable for the existing car manufacturers if it has gone the right way. Some factors have contributed to a less competitive environment in Australia. The Australian market is very small to exploit. Additionally, the high labor costs and the union demands for good working conditions were the few factors that hampered its competitiveness. In the Asian region, the labors are available at a wage, which is only one-fourth of the entire labor costs in Australia. The high labor costs and the demands to have a good working condition have both encouraged looking for offshore locations. Such locations were viewed to get the required materials (Barbaro and Spoehr 2014). It was not much a problem until the business environment started to change. The strengthening of the Australian dollar year after year had forced the manufacturers to bear the loss in the form of high expenditures on production. Additionally, they were required to pay high tariffs on imported goods. Dependence on the offshore locations to get the much needed competitive advantage was hit by the incremented trade tariffs (Barbaro and Spoehr 2014). There was no firm support either from the Australian government. They were required to take some initiative to support the automotive industry to help those face the identified challenges. However, many have felt that the local government had shown no such sign of emergency to the identified challenges. Toyota is one of those companies, which has decided not to manufacture the cars in Australia. The company has already announced to shut down its Altona plant. This will impact thousands of workers who were the part of the plant (the Guardian 2017). The industry can be profitable as believed by few experts if it considers the manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (EVs). This is so because the common peoples perception is moving towards a CO2 free transportation. People nowadays are much more educated on the reasons behind the incrementing greenhouse gas emissions. This has fascinated the concept of electric vehicles. Additionally, the costs of manufacturing can be reduced as electric cars have less moving parts and thereby, this would require fewer workforces. Both the trends and the involved costs are in favor of a drive of the dying automotive industry in Australia (Richardson 2013). Factors driving the profitability The existing scenarios are not much in favor of the car manufacturers. The automotive industry is indeed adding worries to the car manufacturing companies with the passage of time. However, there are some factors as follows, which may supposedly drive the profitability of automotive industry in Australia (Hawkins et al. 2013): There is a response required from the Australian government in terms of providing reliefs against the appreciated value of the dollar and thereby, against the incremented trade tariffs. People living in the country are required to have elevated thoughts for the Electric Vehicles (EVs). EVs have thought to be the future of automotive industry across the globe. Opening up competent plants to support the manufacturing of EVs. The plants are needed to be technologically advanced. This will not only help to produce the EVs but will also help to possess the much needed competitive edge. Expected change in the factors Australias transport domain is responsible for 17.4% of the entire greenhouse gas emission in the country (Australian Greens 2017). The Australian Greens is a project that is formed to respond to the identified urgency. They are a confederation comprising of parties from eight states territory. It serves four key principles such as environmental sustainability, social justice, workers democracy and peace non-violence. The Greens has been in existence for the last 30 years. In course of fulfilling the committed vision, the group has identified the needs for Electric Vehicles (EVs) in Australia. They are also expecting a firm support from the local government in terms of investments in the existing transport infrastructure. The transition from the existing vehicles to the EVs will be possible only if both the confederation and the local government respond to each others needs (Australian Greens 2017). Effect of the change in the industry's profitability The identified change in terms of efforts given to bring the EVs and the expected investments in the automotive infrastructure might bring few changes to the existing automotive industry. The industry will be able to get the EVs, which are the future cars. The EVs will serve the needs of the Green that is committed to lowering the greenhouse gas emission. If it happens this will not only improve the environmental condition but, this will also provide a much-needed revival to the automotive industry (Falahi et al. 2013). The efforts of "the Green" are also expected to drive the local government's interest towards the prospect. A much-needed investment in the automotive industry is expected from the government. If this happens, this will provide the boost to the automotive industry through the manufacturing of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Nevertheless, there are requirements for the plants that are equipped with advanced technologies. This will help to manufacture EVs in Australia though maintaining the competitiveness as well (Falahi et al. 2013). The efforts of the Green can also be useful in changing the perception of customers for EVs. Electric Vehicles are the future of cars. The rising greenhouse gas emission will add worries to the environment. There are some revivals of the identified threat that also includes the production of EVs. The Australian people are expected to have a changed perception towards the Electric Vehicles (EVs) (ABC News 2017). Conclusion To conclude, the automotive industry in Australia is nearing its end as it is found in the discussion. The existing situation is because of the local government that has supposedly failed to deliver on the needs. There was the need to provide revival against the appreciated nature of Australian dollar and the increased tariffs on trades. These are some factors that have supported an increment in the costs of production. Consequently, Toyota is one of those manufacturers that have planned to shut down its plants. The shutdown of Altona plant of Toyota is one of such examples. Hopefully, if the government of Australia takes serious initiatives for Electric Vehicles (EVs) this might bring a much-needed revival for the car manufacturers. The common people are also required to have a changed perception for the EVs. A change in trend is utterly required to support the production of EVs in future. References ABC News. 2017.Electric cars could be 'new beginning' for Australia's automotive industry. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-10-18/electric-cars-could-be-new-beginning-for-automotive-industry/9061676 [Accessed 8 Dec. 2017]. Anaf, J., Newman, L., Baum, F., Ziersch, A. and Jolley, G., 2013. Policy environments and job loss: lived experience of retrenched Australian automotive workers.Critical Social Policy,33(2), pp.325-347. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. 2017.Competition and consumer issues for a changing industry. [online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/speech/competition-and-consumer-issues-for-a-changing-industry [Accessed 8 Dec. 2017]. Australian Greens. 2017.Accelerating the EV revolution. [online] Available at: https://greens.org.au/ev-revolution [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Axsen, J. and Kurani, K.S., 2012. Social influence, consumer behavior, and low-carbon energy transitions.Annual Review of Environment and Resources,37, pp.311-340. Barbaro, B. and Spoehr, J. 2014.Closing the motor vehicle industry: The impact on Australia. Australian Workplace Innovation and Social Research Centre (WISeR) the National Institute of Economic Industry Research (NIEIR), The University of Adelaide. Falahi, M., Chou, H.M., Ehsani, M., Xie, L. and Butler-Purry, K.L., 2013. Potential power quality benefits of electric vehicles.IEEE Transactions on sustainable energy,4(4), pp.1016-1023. Hawkins, T.R., Singh, B., Majeau?Bettez, G. and Strmman, A.H., 2013. Comparative environmental life cycle assessment of conventional and electric vehicles.Journal of Industrial Ecology,17(1), pp.53-64. Richards, C., Lawrence, G., Loong, M. and Burch, D., 2012. A toothless chihuahua? The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, neoliberalism and supermarket power in Australia.Rural Society,21(3), pp.250-263. Richardson, D.B., 2013. Electric vehicles and the electric grid: A review of modeling approaches, Impacts, and renewable energy integration.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,19, pp.247-254. Roberts, N. and Grover, V., 2012. Leveraging information technology infrastructure to facilitate a firm's customer agility and competitive activity: An empirical investigation.Journal of Management Information Systems,28(4), pp.231-270. Shende, V., 2014. Analysis of research in consumer behavior of automobile passenger car customer.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,4(2), p.1. Swinburne.edu.au. 2017.Collapse of Australian car manufacturing industry. [online] Available at: https://www.swinburne.edu.au/news/latest-news/2016/10/collapse-of-australian-car-manufacturing-industry-.php [Accessed 8 Dec. 2017]. the Guardian. 2017.Toyota shuts Altona plant and leaves thousands out of work. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/oct/03/toyota-shuts-altona-plant-and-leaves-thousands-out-of-work [Accessed 9 Dec. 2017]. Tradingeconomics.com. 2017.Australia GDP per capita PPP | 1990-2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/gdp-per-capita-ppp [Accessed 8 Dec. 2017]. Williams, J. 2017.Australia Mourns the End of Its Car Manufacturing Industry. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/20/world/australia/holden-automaker-factory-closes.html [Accessed 8 Dec. 2017]. Wollmann, H., 2012. Local government reforms in (seven) European countries: between convergent and divergent, conflicting and complementary developments.Local Government Studies,38(1), pp.41-70. Zhou, G., Ou, X. and Zhang, X., 2013. Development of electric vehicles use in China: A study from the perspective of life-cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.Energy Policy,59, pp.875-884.

Nationalism Essays - Nationalism, Political Ideologies, Anthropology

Nationalism During the 100-year period of 1814 to 1914 every social group throughout Europe embraced the ideology of nationalism. Its success was largely due to the fact that it offered something for everyone regardless of social or political status. It had no specific ideas for government or economy, just simply whatever is best for the nation. Nationalism also combined well with all other ideologies of the time. However, the different classes of European society accepted nationalism for different reasons and at different times. In the years 1814 through 1848 nationalism ascended onto European society through the middle class. Shortly after the French Revolution in 1814 the Congress of Vienna was placed in charge of reconstructing Europe. In France the monarchy was restored. By 1830, Louis Philippe was king of France and had transformed their political system into a government by which only the rich could vote known as the Bourgeois Monarchy. Increasing social and economic discontent in France led the middle class to revolt in 1848. This revolution set up the Second Republic and gave all men in France the right to vote, creating a unifying thread throughout the country. In Germany, the German Confederation was created which left 39 individual, segregated German states. Due to the fact of taxes and tariffs many middle class business owners supported the idea of a single unified nation-state. However, conservatives at that time did all they could to stop the ideas of liberalism and nationalism. But, by 1830 the middle class had grown large enough to force a revolution. The middle class soon after created a National Parliament and in 1848 the Frankfurt Assembly gathered delegates from all of the German states to create boundaries for a new unified nation-state. Unfortunately, before they were able to apply their plan German kings charged in with their large armies and stopped the revolution. Although it was stopped the revolution in Germany along with the revolution in France helped to create firm foundation for the spread of nationalism. During the time period of 1848 to 1871 the aristocracy and the upper class embraced nationalism. Prior to 1848 conservatives felt like the idea of nationalism was a threat to their power. After 1848 however, conservatives learned to adopted nationalism into their own ideology. They saw, through revolts, the dangers of simply disregarding nationalism and found it more beneficial to simply compromise and blend the two together. Otto Von Bismark modernized nationalism by combining it with conservatism and his own brand of hardheaded government he called Realpolitik. Inspired by patriotism for his country and loyalty to his king Bismark sought to unite all of the German nation-states. In 1866, as a means to unite the northern German states, Germany fought against Austria in the Austro-Prussian War. Four years later in 1870, Bismark engineered the Franco-Prussian War in order to incorporate the southern German states into the new unified Germany. Bismark knew the unifying power of having a common enemy. Other countries such as France, Austria, and Russia used the "us versus them" side of nationalism to spur national sentiment and unification among their countries also. Between the years of 1871 and 1914 the workers and the lower classes seemed to benefit the most from nationalism. It was during this time the second Industrial Revolution occurred. The development of new industry, transportation, communication, power, and energy made everyday life much simpler for the common man. Also, at the beginning of the 20th century national labor unions were legalized. Many other social reforms were made during this time also. In 1884 Germany activated accident insurance plans for workers in factories. In 1889, pension plans, like modern-day social security, were established in Germany. Universal manhood suffrage also became legal for all of Europe between 1871 and 1914. Mass society and culture was extremely important in the spreading of nationalism among the lower classes. Mass society and culture helped to create a feeling of togetherness and unity. Through tools like the cinema, dance halls, and sporting events people could be brought together in large groups, which offered a sense of community and family. Also, the idea of Social Darwinism aided in the spread of nationalism. The belief that one's own nation is superior or at least the strongest helped to create a feeling of patriotism and pride among the lower classes. I believe that the spread of nationalism throughout European society was a positive development. Nationalism helped to unite people with a common history and culture. It instilled pride and confidence among nations and gave people a sense of being. Unlike the other ideologies of

The Witch Hunts of Salem and McCarthyism essays

The Witch Hunts of Salem and McCarthyism essays Imagine what it would be like to be labeled a Communist for the mere fact that you happened to sport a goatee? It happened in the 1950's McCarthyism period! Doesn't this sound strangely similar to the Salem witch-hunts? Perfectly normal people accused of being witches just because they were seen dancing strangely in the woods. McCarthyism and the Salem witch-hunts were both attempts by power-hungry people to diminish their competition without any concrete evidence. The causes of the Salem witchcraft trials and "McCarthyism" were irrational fears that witchcraft and communism were going to infiltrate society if drastic measures were not taken. Once the idea that witchcraft might be going on got started, the behavior of normal citizens was open to suspicion of witchcraft. Likewise, the real fear of a Communist take-over had Americans in the 1950's so frightened; some believed that their neighbors might be spies because McCarthy was planting this suspicion so strongly into their minds. Once the hysteria began, it snowballed out of control. In the Salem witch hunts two young girls, Betty Paris and Abigail Williams, were exhibiting strange behavior and were diagnosed to have been touched by the hand of the devil. When pressured to reveal the witch or witches who had caused this, the young girls named several outcasts of society. These accused witches were guilty until they prove their innocence. Many were tortured until they confessed they were in fact witches, so they did not have to endure any more pain. A few who admitted their guilt were spared, while the rest were quickly executed. These confessions became the "proof" of the existence of witches. The hysteria of McCarthyism began when Senator Joseph McCarthy landed a series of highly publicized investigations that intended to bring forward Communists in the State Department and Hollywood. McCarthy eventually lets his "Red Scare" get out of control and said the U.S. A...

How to Email Professors at Prospective Grad Schools

How to Email Professors at Prospective Grad Schools As an applicant to graduate school you have probably wondered more than once exactly what professors look for when they select students. Wouldn’t it be easier if you could just ask them? Before you go any further, let me warn you that emails can backfire. Many applicants email professors at graduate programs they wish to attend and receive terse replies, or perhaps most commonly, no replies. For example, consider this question from a reader: I am trying to figure out a topic that would be most suitable for me. I have reached out to many professors with little luck. Occasionally, they will share articles, but rarely will I get a response to a question. My questions range from graduate opportunities to specifics about their work.   This reader’s experience is not unusual.   So what gives? Are graduate professors simply rude? Perhaps, but also consider the following contributors to the poor responses from faculty. Figuring out What You Want to Study Is Your Job First and foremost, it seems that this reader needs to do more work before contacting prospective mentors. As an applicant, realize that choosing a field of study is your task and one that you should do before emailing professors at graduate programs. To do so, read widely. Consider the classes youve taken and what subfields interest you. This is the most important part: Talk with faculty at your university.   Approach your professors for help. They should be your first line of advice in this regard. Ask Informed Questions, Not Ones Whose Answers Are Readily Available Before you email a professor for advice,   be sure that you have done your homework. Dont ask questions about information that you can learn from a basic internet or database search. For example, information about a professors research and copies of articles are easily available online. Likewise, dont ask questions about the graduate program unless you have carefully reviewed all of the information on both the departments website and the professor’s website. Professors might view answering such questions a waste of time. Moreover, asking questions about information that is readily available might signal naivetà © or, worse, laziness. This is not to say that you should never contact professors at prospective programs. Before you email a professor make sure that it is for the right reasons. Ask informed questions that show that you are familiar with his or her work and the program and simply seek clarification on a few specific topics.  Ã‚   Three basic guidelines for emailing professors at prospective graduate programs: Do not inundate the professor with questions. Ask only one or two specific questions and you will be much more likely to get a reply than if you ask a series of questions.Be specific.   Don’t ask questions that will require more than a sentence or two in response.   In-depth questions about their research usually fall in this area. Remember that professors may be pressed for time. An email that looks like it will take more than a minute or two to answer may be ignored.Don’t ask questions that are outside of a professor’s purview. General questions about financial aid, how applicants are selected by the program, and housing, for example,   fall into this area. What should you ask prospective graduate mentors?Probably the question that you are most interested in is whether the professor is accepting students. That simple, direct, question is most likely to yield a response. How Do You Ask a Professor Whether He or She Is Taking Students? In a simple email,  explain that you are very interested in the professor’s research on X and, here’s the important part, would like to know whether he or she is accepting students.   Keep the email brief, just a couple of sentences. A short, concise email will likely yield a response, even if it is a â€Å"No, I am not accepting students.† What Next? Thank the professor for his or her response, regardless. If the faculty member is accepting students then work on tailoring your application to his or her lab. Should you start a dialogue? You can’t predict how a professor will respond to multiple emails. Some might welcome them, but it is better playing it safe and avoid emailing the professor again unless you have specific questions about his or her research. Faculty doesnt want to mentor students who require hand-holding, and you want to avoid being perceived as needy. Should you decide to ask a specific question about his or her research, remember that brevity is key in receiving a response.

Thesis(Research) Proposal Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Thesis( ) - Research Proposal Example While this is the case, no study has been conducted about the Chinese students’ experience of acculturative stress or culture shock in the Canadian environment. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap. Hypothesis This study hypothesizes that different environmental factors such as accommodation, place, and college type impact on the way Chinese students in Canada adapt to acculturation stress. Objectives 1. To establish the extent to which Chinese international students in Canada suffer from acculturative stress in their first year study. 2. To establish how Chinese international students in Canada suffer from acculturative stress in their first year study. 3. To establish the different environment changes that Chinese international students in Canada experience that lead them to experience acculturative stress. 4. To come up with recommendations that will help Chinese international students in Canada overcome acculturative stress Research Questions 1. To what extent do Ch inese international students in Canada suffer from acculturative stress in their first year study? 2. How do Chinese international students in Canada suffer from acculturative stress in their first year study? 3. ... Based on these insights, the policy makers can develop effective policies to deal with acculturative challenges. The results of the study may be important to Chinese students seeking to study in foreign countries as it may help them understand what to expect and deal effectively with culture shock. Managers, principals and professors of educational institutions may find the results of the study important as they may get an insight into how to help Chinese students in foreign environments adapt fast to new learning environments and cultures. Literature Review Over the past couple of years, the number of students leaving China to study overseas (mainly the U.S.A., U.K., Australia, and Canada) has been growing at an estimated 20% annually (Gu, 2013). A report by China’s Ministry of Education indicated that about 340,000 students from China sought education overseas in 2011 (Xu, 2012). In 2012 alone, according to the United Nations, one in every international student was Chinese. Going by current trends, it is estimated that there are more than 490,000 Chinese students in various educational institutions abroad in 2013 (Xu, 2012). The general trend toward the preference to study abroad among Chinese students is driven by the belief that education outside the boarders of China is more systematic and comprehensive, and that the experience is better than they otherwise would get in China. Other students are motivated by the fact that they do not have to sit for and pass university entry exams when they opt to pursue education in foreign educational institutions (Anonymous, 2013). Like other immigrants, Chinese students studying in foreign countries normally experience acculturative stress and its effects. Acculturative stress is a

Areer progress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Areer progress - Essay Example Third, equipped with sophisticated management skills, I will move ahead to manage the operation of a company at a higher decision-making level in a way that I can get experiences on how to run a company by myself. Fourth, over the long run, I will set up my own company in order to become a successful entrepreneur on my own right. I remind myself of these goals every morning on my way to work. Due to the fact that my ultimate goal is to become one of China's best businessmen ever, I am glad to say that I have been taking very solid steps towards that goal. As a graduate from a military university, I have received sound management skills. Upon obtaining my Bachelor's Degree, a number of choices were presented to me. I knew that management is an applied science, and one can hardly be a successful entrepreneur without ever managing anything. After my graduation in 2004 as a Medical Doctor, I chose to work at SINA Corporation as the first step of my career for accomplishing my goals. SINA Corporation is the biggest media company and value-added information service provider in China. I worked as a manager in the Business Development Department at SINA Corporation. ... Yet I feel that my current knowledge and expertise are not up to the task that I have set for myself. I do not know enough to run a viable business venture on any large scale, yet. I could pursue my career with SINA Corporation and continue to learn business management skills but after I examined my past work and education history I came up to believe that I will have more opportunities if I can receive the kind of comprehensive and systematical business and entrepreneurial training that a MBA program can offer. Compared with other famous business schools in the US, Wharton, a cradle of some of the world's most important businessmen, is my only choice. Wharton appeals more to me because not only of its reputation and legacy, but also because it suits my own needs. I once compared Stanford MBA Entrepreneurship courses, which are also famous worldwide, with Wharton's before I began the application process, and the results showed me that Wharton can really help me to achieve my career goals in a better and more efficient way than Stanford. First of all, Wharton's Entrepreneurship courses suit my backgrounds and current situations. My father is one of the most famous and successful enterprisers in China, and he runs many private companies now. He wants me to help him run part of those businesses in the future, so I have to learn not only the entrepreneurship aspects of a business but also how to run a family business. Entrepreneurship courses in Wharton's curriculum, such as Strategies and Practices of Family-Controlled Companies, are designed for those people who plan to manage family-controlled companies and for those planning a career in a

How consumers are protected in contracts for the sale Essay Example for Free

How consumers are protected in contracts for the sale Essay Goods are any form of products that are supplied to consumers for their convenience. They are generally modelled as having diminishing marginal utility. Ultimately, whether an object is a good or a bad depends on each individual consumer and therefore, it is important to realize that not all goods are good all the time and not all goods are goods to all people. Sourced: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_(economics) Role of the Sales of Goods Act 1979: The Sales of Goods Act 1979 gives consumers the opportunity of returning or exchanging products which do not fit the description for example, if a consumer has joined a new contract with the O2 and have been told that with the new contract they get a contract phone in black, however on the day when the phone arrives its white then the consumer can take their problem straight back to O2 and they would have to change the product straight away as it doesn’t look like what it is said to. Also if the contract clearly states that it will be a particular phone and turns out to be a different make then O2 would have to make sure the exchange the products and supply the customer with the one they have stated. Express Terms of the Sales of Goods Act 1979: An express term of a contract is a declaration which is made by two or more organisations; and has agreed upon what is stated in the contract, the contracts can be made through verbal methods or by word of mouth. Once the contract has been agreed upon both the organisations have to make sure the follow the deal. Conditions: A condition is a term which has to be followed within the agreement, For example, if O2 are selling their phone contract to customers, whereas supply customers with a different phone contract then it shows that  O2 did there bit of providing the customer with a mobile phone contract however didn’t provide them with the right one. A breach of contract will entitle O2 to follow the correct law of the contract and provide the consumer with the right one. Warranties: A warranty is a term that does not fully follow all agreements, so For example, carrying on from the O2 phone contract issue , when the customers buys the phone contract and is assured by the company that they will receive a special tariff with the contract. Therefore, when the phone contract arrives on the day there is no extra tariff, when the party doesn’t stick to its word then this is seen as a warranty. The customer is able to sue the supplier however it doesn’t mean that the agreement will end. Implied terms of the Sales of Goods Act 1979: There are sequence of conditions which are automatically prepared in every contract by the sales of goods act; and they would be dealing with the following which include: title, description, fitness for purpose and satisfactory quality. I have stated these factors below and explained what each and every one of them means: Title: this is when there is an implied condition which allows the sellers to have the right to sell the goods for example, O2 impliedly confirms that the phone contract it sells actually belong to it and also that it can legally pass on the ownership to another telecommunications company, however if O2 are not able to pass on the title to the buyers then it will mean that O2 will be liable for breach for the contract. Description: the contract must fully explain how the product has been described, when there is a contract for the sales of goods by description then there will be an implied condition that the goods will correspond with that description. However the slightest removal from the description will then enable the buyer into rejecting the goods for breach of condition of the contract made. Fitness for purpose: A fitness for purpose is where a seller who in this case  is O2 plans to sell its goods in the good courses of their business, for example if O2 was to sell their contract to the consumers for the business to be better and make more sales. There is an implied condition for this was they are fit for the particular purpose, this means that the buyer (consumer) has expressly or impliedly known to the seller. Satisfactory quality: The satisfactory quality is where the sellers sell goods for the good of their business; there is an implied term that the goods that is supplied are of the right satisfactory quality. However except to the extent of defects which are brought straight to the buyer’s attention, this will be done before the contract is made meaning that T-Mobile will need to sell satisfactory quality to their consumers. Conclusion: Overall in the briefing sheet I have made sure that all evidence is provided, also that a clear explanation is made of how a contract protects the consumer and what happens if that contract is breached. Mainly information is suggested on the different conditions made by the sales of goods act such as title, description, fitness for purpose and also satisfactory quality. Factors that invalidate contracts: There are many factors that can make a contract invalidated, which means that the contracts cannot be used anymore, such as the following: Misrepresentation: Misrepresentation is where there is a false statement in the contract which is made by one of the parties to the other before the contract is agreed on. There is no general duty to disclose facts, and silence will not normally amount to a misrepresentation. But gestures, smiles or a course of conduct may amount to a representation. Duress: Duress is where a party enters into a contract against their will for example, if O2 is forced into a contract by either violence or treat of violence to themselves or to their family then it means that the contract that is being made may become invalid. In this case the affected party can avoid the contract on the ground of duress; this is because all parties who are entering a contract must enter freely. Mistake: In general terms a mistake  is when a contract is being made however one of the party members may have made a mistake in knowing what they are agreeing to or a contract can be made which turns out to be wrong, this i s down to a mistake occurring, sometimes when there is a mistake in a contract it can make it invalidated.

Holistic Therapy :: essays research papers fc

How does Buddhism differ from Christianity? 1. There Is No God Void vs. Loving God (emptiness, apathy, ignorance) In Buddhist thought, there is no supreme being, no Creator, no omnipotent omnipresent God, no Loving Lord over his creation. Ultimate Reality is an impersonal Void or Emptiness (Sunyata). Only the Void is Permanent. To a Buddhist, saying that God exists is like saying that the Void exists. Saying that God is loving and desires relationship with us is saying God is Ignorance since all desire comes from ignorance. Saying that God created us and has a purpose for our lives is saying that God is Karma, the cause and effect of our existence. Thus, in Buddhist thought, the concept of God is closest equated to the Void, Ignorance, and Karma. So who are Buddhists bowing down and praying to in their temples? Remember that Buddhism has adapted and absorbed many other beliefs rooted in animism and ancestral worship. 2. Christ’s Deity Denied If a Buddhist were asked who Jesus was, responses would likely include: a good man, a prophet, the founder of the Christian religion, a bodhisattva, the younger brother of Buddha. As it is hard for a Buddhist to understand the existence of God, it is inconceivable that Jesus is the incarnate Lord, God in the flesh. 3. Man Is Not A Spiritual Being Mankind has no soul or permanence. In Buddhist thought, an individual consists of five skandhas or aggregates. These aggregates are disassembled at death and there is no longer a cohesive unit that can be identified as an individual person. People are impermanent and transitory, perpetually facing the problem of how to escape from suffering. All life is meaningless and without purpose. The ultimate hope lies in what is permanent: The Void. Before one can find permanence, one must disappear into the Void, that is, achieve nirvana. 4. Karma Is The Iron Law Karma vs. Mercy Buddhists believe that the totality of one’s actions and the results of those actions determine one’s fate in subsequent reincarnations. This is the cosmic Law of Cause and Effect. Karma is the ultimate impersonal, unmerciful judge. Karma is unchangeable, cannot be undone, altered, avoided, or forgiven. What is done is done and cannot be undone, nor can you be forgiven or released from it. 5. Sin Has No Consequences The two systems` concepts of sin stand in stark contrast. To Buddhists sin does not have any consequences before a holy God.

The Customer Complaint Issue

Introduction There is a complaint letter sent by Dr. William E. Loflin. They were extremely upset and very insulted by the experience. He said that our staff is not well trained and overtly rude. There are several problems that he complaint about our service, but he still think the food was excellent. Here are the ways to solve the issue. Recommendation I suggest company should organize a training course for the staffs. The training provides staff with increased skills and abilities.Using the common cases of complaint customer and teaches the staff how to handle the problems in a right way and therefore increases the quality service. Also, it provide a time for staff build up the team spirit. Since customers are more demanding, restaurant should increase the service quality that can provide an edge of competitive advantage and meet the satisfaction of customers. Also, the service not only including how the staffs serve the guest when they in the dining room but also the whole process in the restaurant, from the entrance area to bill presentation and the farewell, all the performance must be done well.Staffs always follow the rules and regulation set by restaurant management, but they overlook their service skills is the first impression of the customers. Therefore, the staff should know what quality is, it doesn’t only means providing the food and environment but the service are also important. Understanding how to meet the customers’ expectations can add value in a delighted result. Moreover, restaurant can execute the performance appraisal every month. Establishing performance standards to the staffs, the customer feedback and supervisor observation can be affecting the appraisal.The appraisal will be show to the staff, see how well they did and the mistakes. And, the best of the staff will post it on the board and bonuses; therefore the staff can build up the strengths and overcome the weaknesses. Since employees are unaware of the identify the shopper, supervisor should announce that mystery shoppers will go to restaurant. Mystery shopper can give valuable feedback on the potential problems such as environment, service, food and beverage. Therefore, the staff will know where they did wrong and improve it.For the customers, when performance did not match their expectation, problems arose when services or products were unavailable, performance is slow, or where the service or product was unacceptable, the customer will not return anymore. The way to solve the service problems is to put a comments card on the table or brought by server at the conclusion of the meal. It can allow customer to evaluate the meal experience and any dissatisfaction. After receive it, restaurant must improve the issue immediately so that it can maintain a good service for the customers.Finally, we can reply a apologize letter to Mr. Loflin and send him a coupon to build a good relationship. Because most of customers did not say anything and donâ⠂¬â„¢t return to the restaurant anymore. Mr. Loflin sent a letter to us, it means he wants the restaurant do any improvement and he will still go to this restaurant for the meal, therefore we sent him a coupon to invite him go to the restaurant and we would improve the issue that we made, so that he would be satisfaction when returning to our restaurant.

Gay Marriage Speech

Gay Marriage Speech What comes to mind when you hear the word marriage? Is it the big wedding? The white dress? The rings? The kiss? The repeating of vows? Or is it the stress of making It all happen? Marriage Is a special moment in our lives. Fora lot of us marriage is a major milestone, a transformation In Identity to being a married person rather than single. But on top of all this, marriage is an important legal status. Nothing says â€Å"love and commitment† like the word marriage.It is essential to know that there are two kinds of marriage ceremonies: Civil and Religious marriage. A civil marriage is arriage performed by a government official and not a religious organization. Clvll marriage covers inheritance rights, property rights, the right to visit one another in the hospital, the conveying of benefits etc. Then there is Religious marriage; this is interpreted by each religious group differently, but is usually conducted in a church, chapel or temple.Everyone wants t o find love; to be In a serious relationship made up of trust and commitment. whether your sexual orientation be straight, gay, lesbian or bisexual. Though the rights to marry isnt equal for homosexual couples as it is for heterosexual couples. Some of the main and most important reasons people choose to ban homosexual marriage Is because they are homophobic and/or think It Is morally and biologically wrong for the human being and society. People with homophobia have an extreme and irrational aversion to homosexuality and homosexual people.Opinionated outlooks directed at homosexuals often branch from the perception that homosexual activity Is Immoral. Homophobia makes some people think that they are superior to homosexuals. In fact. studies show that antl- gay bias is far more accepted among large numbers of Americans than is bias gainst other minorities. Majority of the people who think that Gay marriage is â€Å"morally† wrong are religious. They study the words of the bib le, and feel that being gay Is a sin and will prevent you from being able to enter Into heaven.From King James' Version of the Bible, in Leviticus 20:13: â€Å"If a man also lie with a mankind, as he lieth with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination: they shall surely be put to death, their blood shall be upon them† Another piece of scripture implying that being gay is a sin Is In the New Testaments, I Corinthians 6:9-11 Know ye, not hat the unrighteous shall not inherit the Kingdoms of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extrotioners, shall inherit In the kingdom of God. Meaning that people who commit sexual Intercourse out of marriage, who worship Idols other than god, who cheat, who have characteristics of a woman or unmanly(gay), who abuse, who are Jealous, who are habitually drunk, who verbally abuse and blackmail/steal will not go to heaven. This scripture basically lists he sin of homosexuality as one of the specific sins that will literally keep you from being able to enter Into heaven when you die and cross over. With marriage comes the hopes and dreams of having children and starting a family.This is where anti- gays feel that accepting gay marriage would be â€Å"biologically† wrong to society. Same ‘OF3 sex Intercourse wlll not nelp wltn tne reproauctlon 0T any Inalvlaual. Its more a way for gay promiscuity to increase. Consequently, if no off springs will be produced, and if gay marriage were to be legalized throughout the world we'll lead to a fail in opulation and to increase in elderly individuals, similar to what is happening in Japan. Yet in the Netherlands, Belgium, Canda, Spain, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland and Argentina, gay marriage was granted between the years 2001-2010.In These countries and all over the world there are people who support gay mar riage and there are people who do not. For instance Mike Judge, from the Christian Institute in the United Kingdom, suggests that the value of marriage will decrease if gay marriage is legalized in the United States as it was in the I-JK. In his ideo he expresses his views on how same-sex marriage would affect â€Å"everybodys† marriage, by using an analogy between opposite sex marriage and gay marriage.He does so by using an American 5 dollar bill symbolizing opposite sex marriage, calling it â€Å"real and genuine , but imagine if a counterfeit 5 dollar bill (symbolizing gay marriage) flooded the US economy. The American 5 dollar bill will continue to be real and genuine, but its value in the economy would be seriously damaged. If the special rights of marriage are given to any other relationship then the special values f marriage will diminish and that is what we've seen In the I-JK. I don't want to see that happening in the United States†, said Mike Judge.But littl e did he know that, that same year when Civil Partnership Act was legalized in the I-JK, Massachusetts legalized same sex marriage, being the first in the United States with 5 other sprawling behind (Connecticut, Iowa, Vermont, New Hampshire and District of Colombia). But is gay marriage really such a bad idea as people might think? Straight and gay are Just the same, they experience the same feelings, emotions and thoughts ust like any other human. So there should clearly be the same rights for people with both kinds of â€Å"sexual preferences†.But should there be? Or should we as people of the world strip these rights from the â€Å"gay' community? Ignoring their rights as a human being? In the United States our forefathers wrote â€Å"that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† and that we should â€Å"hold these truths to be self-evidentâ € . Clearly the six states that granted gay arriage took this well into consideration and finally made it law.And in the Holy Bible , King James' version, I Peter 2:13-14 says â€Å"Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the Lords sake: Whether it be to the king as supreme; or unto governors, as unto them are sent by him for the punishment of evildoers, and for the praise of them that do well. † Meaning that we, the children of God must abide by the rules/ laws set up by higher authority, who are sent by him to punish those who do wrong and to commend those who do right. So the question is, isn't same sex marriage ltimately right since it is now law?

Compound Plurals

Compound Plurals Compound Plurals Compound Plurals By Maeve Maddox Most English nouns form their plurals by adding -s: boy/boys; house/houses. When the noun is compound, the question sometimes arises as to which word should get the plural ending. In regard to American usage, the Chicago Manual of Style recommends that writers consult Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary for â€Å"tricky† compounds like fathers-in-law, courts-martial, and chefs d’oeuvre, adding, â€Å"For those not listed, common sense can usually provide the answer.† I have a lot of respect for the Chicago Manual of Style, but recommending common sense to determine correct usage seems a bit optimistic. Compound nouns are of three kinds: open, closed, and hyphenated. Not all authorities agree as to which is which or where the plural goes. Open compounds are written as separate words: Grand Jury Knight Templar post office court martial free lunch The principal word in the compound takes the plural: Grand Juries Knights Templar post offices courts martial free lunches Note: According to the OED, court martials is incorrect; M-W gives courts martial as the first plural, but also accepts court martials. Most closed compounds form the plural at the end of the word: toothbrush / toothbrushes haircut / haircuts grasshopper / grasshoppers blackboard / blackboards bedroom / bedrooms BUT, passerby / passersby Like open compounds, hyphenated compound nouns pluralize the principal wordif there is one. The principal word will be a noun. Some compounds have more than one noun; others have none. When the compound has two nouns, common sense will have to tell you which one is the principal word. mother-in-law / mothers-in-law man-of-war / men-of-war merry-go-round / merry-go-rounds (no principal word) forget-me-not / forget-me-nots (no principal word) stand-in / stand-ins (no principal word) Some compounds are hyphenated in the Oxford English Dictionary and written as one word in Merriam-Webster: set-back (OED) setback (M-W) drop-out (OED) dropout (M-W) hold-up (OED) holdup (M-W) half-sister (OED) half sister (M-W) Some speakers have trouble with nouns that end in -ful, puzzling, for example, between cupfuls and cupsful. This is a case in which common sense should probably advise against consulting M-W. Although the M-W entries for cupful, handful, and armful list the plurals cupfuls, handfuls, and armfuls first, they give cupsful, handsful, and armsful as alternative spellings. In addition, the spelling handfull is in there as an â€Å"also.† My American spellchecker does not countenance any of these alternatives. Cupsful doesn’t cut it because compound nouns are made up of two or more words that can be used on their own. For example, the words in the compound policeman can be used separately: â€Å"The man called for the police.† The element ful in cupful is not a word; it’s a suffix. Common sense tells me that cupsful is incorrect. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Greek Words You Should KnowHomonyms, Homophones, Homographs and HeteronymsI wish I were...

Pollution and Green Chemistry Science Fair Projects

Pollution and Green Chemistry Science Fair Projects You can design a science fair project that studies pollution or addresses green chemistry. Topics include air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and green chemistry, which seeks to minimize the pollution generated by chemical processes. What type of car antifreeze is safest to the environment?Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth?How effective are natural mosquito repellents? Are they safer for the environment?What is the effect of a certain chemical in water on algae growth?How is biodiversity affected by the level of pollution?How closely does the pH of soil relate to the pH of the water around the soil? Which types of soils resist pH changes from pollution the best?What are some natural herbicides, pesticides, or algicides? How effective are they? How safe are they for the environment?How effective are house plants at reducing the concentration of organic air pollutants? Is the level of air pollutants lower in areas with a large number of trees compared with relatively nearby areas that have few plants?What might you do to detoxify run-off?Do the chemical preservatives used in packaging break down or do they remain in soil after the packaging has been composted?

The Life and Writing Style of Mark Twain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Life and Writing Style of Mark Twain - Essay Example By employing humor in his works, Twain was able to expose the bitter, realistic attributes of of society, religion and humanity. In fact, Twain’s two masterpieces â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County† and â€Å"Letters from the Earth† demonstrate Twain’s two kinds of humor. Mark Twain was born in 1835 as Samuel Langhorn Clemens, a man who had had numerous careers before he even turned 30 from being a journeyman printer to being a riverboat pilot. When he found a job at a newspaper company, he immediately adopted a pen name – Mark Twain. It was in 1865 when he gained overnight fame from his first masterpiece – a short story entitled â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,† and also a piece of work that practically displays Mark Twain’s typical writing style (Schultz). Most of Twain’s writings had in them local color realism and mainstream realism. For â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,† Twain employed local color realism and mainstream realism, while for â€Å"Letters from the Earth,† the author used sharp sarcasm and wit. In â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog,† local color realism can be proven by Twain’s use of the dialect of the deep south. The vocabulary used by the character Simon Wheeler in short story is typical of local color realism. In the story, Wheeler uses â€Å"feller† instead of fellow, and contractions like â€Å"reg’lar† and â€Å"solit’ry† (Twain, â€Å"The Celebrated†).... ost curious,† â€Å"she don’t,† which is supposed to be â€Å"she doesn’t,† and â€Å"ketched† which stands for â€Å"catched† but which is supposed to be â€Å"caught.† (Twain, â€Å"The Celebrated†). Moreover, mainstream realism is also used in â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog† as Twain mentions real life events like gambling and cheating. Both local color realism and mainstream realism attribute the realistic aspect of any literary work during the era of realism in literature. On the other hand, Twain employs sarcastic humor in â€Å"Letters from the Earth.† In fact, the whole story is heavily peppered with sarcasm. One of these instances is in saying that â€Å"[man] believes the Creator is proud of him; he even believes the Creator loves him† when in fact He does not (Twain, â€Å"Letters,† I). In fact, the picture of man as otherwise arrogant and proud is what he means by the aforemention ed example. Twain was therefore trying to awaken people through his sense of humor coupled with realistic elements. Satan also mentions in his letters that although human beings place sexual intercourse â€Å"far and away above all other joys,† they have somehow forgotten to include it in their idea of heaven (Twain, â€Å"Letters,† II). This now addresses a confusing issue about sex. If human beings consider the act as sexually and physically pleasurable as it is stated in the Bible, then why would the idea of sex be excluded from one’s perception of heaven? Twain addresses this issue in â€Å"Letters from the Earth† (Twain). As an addition to sarcasm, Twain used religious references in â€Å"Letters from the Earth† but references to the government in â€Å"The Celebrated Jumping Frog.† The purpose is to instill humor. Through the characters of the archangels Michael and Gabriel and

Unix Vs. Windows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unix Vs. Windows - Essay Example operating system to be used by complete novices (as a result of the ease of operation and the simple user interfaces), Microsoft has also forged partnerships with many big and small PC manufacturers, thereby ensuring that the operating system is shipped along with the PCs that consumers purchase (Jeurguen Haas, 2005). However, UNIX (as also its various versions) continues to be the preferred choice of programmers and software developers in the case of network programming. This is due to the fact that UNIX offers ready-to-use libraries that facilitate the use of direct networking features such as sockets, semaphores and pipes. In windows however, the user is encapsulated from all such features, thereby denying them flexibility at the core programming level. This, according to them, is due to the fact that the operating system offers additional advanced capabilities when compared to Windows (Jeurguen Haas, 2005). One of the most versatile features of UNIX is the fact that the operating system can be installed on numerous machines consisting of different architectures (be it cluster or distributed architectures). Moreover, unlike window, which is a PC based OS; UNIX can be installed on supercomputers and mainframes with a minimal change of configuration alone (KernelThread, 2006). Another problem that continues to plague windows is the constant occurrence of system breakdowns and frequent hang-ups, while such a problem has been found to have lesser frequency of occurrence in the case of UNIX. As such, a UNIX machine requires less network administration and maintenance. UNIX also offers a greater processing power and is found to have solutions for distributed environments as well. The above points do not mean that windows do not provide networking solutions. The upper advantage of UNIX over windows based solutions lies in the fact that in order to operate across a network using windows, one would have to usually install additional software in order to communicate

Designing a Study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Designing a Study - Assignment Example To test the hypothesis, the Wilcoxon signed rank tests would be the fitting test. This test examines whether the data available supports the assertion that a prolonged daily exercise length implies a faster rate of weight loss. The test has been used previously in similarly befitting roles. (Han et al. 2011) notes: We used two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum tests for differences in location for these variables as well as for age and years of education. To carry out the test, the researcher needs to calculate the differences in recorded weights before and after the study period. All weight losses will be noted with a plus sign and all gains by a minus sign. Because the positive results (those with plus signs) are the center of our study, we assign them the title k-observed, denoted as kobs. Then using the value of the smallest integer kÃŽ ± we shall calculate the rejection region for kobs. We then observe whether our kobs is contained in R, that is without the boundaries of the rejection region. If kobsЄR, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Let us put our R at 4, just for illustration. If kobs=3, then we fail to reject the H0 owing to the earlier explanation that kobsЄR. Han, X., Rozen, S., Boyle, S. H., Hellegers, C., Cheng, H., Burke, J. R†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦, Kaddurah-Daouk, R. (2011). Metabolomics in Early Alzheimer’s Disease: Identification of Altered Plasma Sphingolipidome Using Shotgun Lipidomics. Lipidomics in Alzheimer’s Disease. Vol 6. Issue 7. p. 7. Nishiumi, S., Kobayashi, T., Ikenda, A., Yoshie, T., Kibi, M., Izumi, Y.,†¦..Yoshida, M. (2012). A Novel Serum Metabolomics-Based Diagnostic Approach for Colorectal Cancer. Metabolomics for Colorectal Cancer. Vol. 7, issue 7. p. 4. Plichta, S. B., Kelvin, E. Munros Statistical Methods for Health Care Research. Statistical Methods for Health

Observation, Assessment and Planning Cycle in Childcare

Observation, Assessment and Planning Cycle in Childcare Gurcharan Pall Explain the observation, assessment and planning cycle. The process of effective planning observation and assessment is a vital factor in identifying children’s individual needs interests and abilities. In order to plan for their learning and development. This process has been recommended by Early Years (2013) and this involves the practitioners following a three step cycle which consists of planning, observation, and assessment. The practitioner will discuss each stage of the cycle and its practical application to the child’s individual needs. Every child whatever their background or circumstances has the right to support, which they need to enjoy and achieve and make a positive contribution. (Every Child Matters 2003.) With the use of planning observation and assessment the practitioner can support the learning and development requirements for each child in their care. The cycle follows three steps. STEP 1 PLANNING Planning every area of learning and development is important to ensure the child`s achievement The Practitioner should follow identified observation and assessment of the child through relevant play through a range of mixed adult –led and child initiated activities. Step 2 Observation The second stage is of observation which looks at the part of process that helps practitioners learn about the individual children .Observation may also identify the delayed areas of the child’s development which would signal that additional support may be required. A good point. There are two types of observations which are formal and spontaneous. More information can be collected from spontaneously observing the child, as without prior warning, the child will be playing naturally. Formal observation may find the child nervous and self-conscious and they may not play or interact, therefore no observation can then take place. Formal observation is more directed towards observing the child’s development of a particular task/skill or the child understands and knowledge. Step 3 ASSESSMENT Assessment plays an important part in helping parents, carers and practitioners to recognise children’s progress, understand their needs and to plan activities and support† (Early Years 2013) The two types of assessment use are; formative assessment and summative assessment. Firstly formative assessment is an on-going children’s assessment. (CHILD DEVELOPMENT) This is gone by the practitioner observing the child on a regular basis for example playtime on a weekly basis. The second assessment is the summative assessment and this is the evidence that is collected though the formative assessment over a period of time. These assessments are used to review the development progress of children against meowed development on milestones REF For example, the child is formatively assessed a weekly basis dewing play and building blocks. The summative assessment will be that the child’s development has improved, as the child can now not only connect the building blocks together but over a period of time the building blocks have progressed and the child can now build wall’s to make a building. There are showing their development. EFFECTIVE PLANNING (WRITE IN ESSAY FORM) > is based on regular, a curate assessment of children’s learning, Knowledge and skills > reflects supports and challenges children’s current interest, Enthusiasms and their learning and development > is a flexible, working document, which is responsive to spontaneous events > enables all practitioners to contribute, understand and articulate why experiences have been planned > enables children, parents and practitioners to have a voice in the planning process PLANNING IN PRACTICE- KEY ELEMENTS; Provide opportunities for individual children’s emerging needs, interests and stage of development based on previous observations and evaluations Identify appropriate links between experiences and EYFS development statements (learning intentions) Provide interesting and challenging experiences for all children within the seven areas of learning and development Outdoor activities are planned and taken on a daily basis Identifies differentiation for individual children or groups of children Provides a range of child initiated and adult-led experiences Identify high quality teaching strategies’ together with support and intervention that mach individual children’s needs (next steps) to ensure good progress Evaluate planned and unplanned learning Reflect on learning environment to adapt and enhance provision DESCRIBE HOW TO DEVELOP PLANNING FOR INDIVIDUAL CHILDREN Planning when being arranged should be flexible to take into account different age group children`s different background the weather and the unexpected. The child`s planning should be based upon your assessment and observation of the individual child so you can take the best steps for their further learning and development. The Development Matters guidance is and can be a very useful tool in planning successfully the child`s ability to move on to the next stage of development. There are 3 steps of planning. Long term. Providing you with themes and topics you may cover over the term. All links to learning and development areas, a balance of indoor, and outdoor activities. Periods of rest and being quite are also required. Medium term. A better detailed plan of topics and themes to be covered. Consideration of other routines such as mealtimes babies sleeping times. All main resources within your setting`s as play areas, equipment storage areas, book corner. A observation area for you to identify the child`s needs. Short term. A weekly plan of plans, observational findings and activities to be carried out. Making reference to the child`s interest .The particular piece of equipment or resource that may be needed the area or amount of room required, health and safety issues that may arise. Ensure you have made arrangements for all the different age groups, and children with disabilities and special educational needs. A good outline of the different types of planning. Long term planning will provide an overview of topics and themes practitioner will cover for children in their care however long term planning will not identify which interest children will have so any planning should be flexible to be able to adapt at last minute if required. Spontaneous activity is one of the most effective learning experiences. Weather is a very strong interesting subject for the children i.e. rain , snow, winds and sunshine many points of interest can be made from the weather many activities can be made use of, Rain, flooding control of water what rain stops you doing, Snow, melting snow building objects snowball fights to began. Wind, power of wind, moving objects leaves trees people movement, flags, sun, heat outdoor activities. The Main difference between formative and summative assessments methods is primarily the time scale involved in each of the assessment types. Formative Assessment is the process of obtaining factual information. Based on firsthand knowledge, gathered by the practitioner whilst spending time with the child, observing the habits and routines of the child. The Sources of information can range from photographs, videos or even conversations with the child’s parents as this can highlight things that otherwise could be missed as behaviour at home can be very different for some children. The process of assessing what young children know and can do poses particular challenges for young learners. Assessing children is often â€Å"unreliable,† as young children’s performance is not necessarily consistent over even short periods of time. Contextual influences and emotional states can affect how they perform on assessments. Moreover, young children develop at vastly different rates and their developmental and learning patterns can be episodic, uneven, and rapid. Understanding what children know is important for tea chers, since children’s new knowledge builds on prior knowledge. Given these factors, teachers’ use of formative assessment to inform instruction is an essential piece of effective pedagogy. Formative assessment is much more than repeated assessment measures over time. Formative assessment is a process, which includes a feedback loop to assist children in closing the gap between current status and desired outcomes, milestones, or goals. It informs and supports instruction while learning is taking place, by having children receive feedback from the instructor. It also includes multiple sources of evidence gathered over time. The formative assessment process is not a single event or measurement but rather an ongoing planned and intentional practice to evaluate learning with teaching. Formative assessments yield descriptive data—not necessarily judgments. It often takes the form of observational protocol using evidence collection as a means to examine children’s cognitive processes. Formative assessment may be defined in different ways in state regulations and interpretations. The definition best captures the essence of formative assessment for the purposes of this brief focused on young children. It is defined as, â€Å"a process used by carers for children during instruction periods that provide feedback to adjust ongoing teaching and learning, to improve children’s achievement of intended instructional outcomes.† Summative Assessment is almost a conclusion of your collective knowledge gained from doing your Formative assessment’s, this is obviously an assessment that is done over a longer period of time as all the prerequisite Formative assessments need to be completed. This knowledge gives the practitioner the ability to make an educated verdict on the achievements of the child. The EYFS Profile is the summative assessment used to review children’s progress along the early learning goals. Summative assessment also employs a variety of tools and methods for obtaining information about what has been learned. In this way, summative assessment provides information at the early year’s levels. Defining characteristics of effective summative assessment include a clear alignment between assessment and instruction, as well as the use of assessments that are both valid and reliable. When objectives are clearly specified and connected to instruction, summative assessment provides i nformation about a children’s achievement of specific learning objectives. Individual Learning Programmes can be formed from using these particular assessments, these assessments should also, supports and endeavour to comply with the ethos devised through â€Å"Every Child Matters†. Conclusion I can conclude that it’s a vital part of the process between carer/care organisation’s to stringently follow the observation assessment and planning cycle as this can effectively show any pitfalls in the learning and development process of the children. With formative and summative being the most useful and statutory assessments in situ, the only problem I find, is they can be restrictive or to slow in fully identifying issues and vital time can be lost to the carer/ organisation and the child. Flexibility by that carer/organisation is crucial to the learning development of the children and individual learning programmes can be a good guideline to promote the weaknesses and turn them into strengths through focused sessions which should be reviewed as frequently as possible to ensure the child’s learning does not become static and too focused on any one particular set of problems or issues, learning the child’s strengths through the formative and summative methods can genuinely help create Individual learning programmes tailored to the child allowing you to improve their weaknesses through their strength i.e. a young person learns through music quicker than reading so using song’s to remember the alphabet (using strength to overcome a weakness) this is the main focus of correctly using the above mentioned methods and adhering to the observation, assessment and planning cycle. Reference www.barniesdaynurseries.com, http://ceelo.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/ceelo_policy_report_formative_assessment.pdf, Department of Education (2013): Improving the functionality and range of education and childcare from birth to 5 years, www.gov.uk/government/ Updated 1st Sep 2014 Accessed 27th Oct 2014 http://www.education.com/reference/article/formative-and-summative-assessment/ Every child matters 8th September 2003 (from HM Treasury – www.gov.uk/government/uploads (Presented to parliament by the chief secretary to the treasury by command of her majesty September 2003) Observation, Assessment and planning cycle Statutory framework for the early years foundation stage DFE 2014 Ref united nations (1989)convention on the rights of the child, united nations, network Childeminding and Ofsted effective practice: observation, planning

Names in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery :: Shirley Jackson Lottery Essays

One of the leaders and important man of the town is Mr. Summers.   Summer is a   season of the year.   It is the season of growing, the season of life.   His name   represents partly the old pagan fertility ritual because the harvest that is being sacrificed to is being grown in the summer.   This is supposedly, according to Old Man Warner, what the lottery held each year was all about.   But, in this case, the harvest should be fine because the setting of the story tells us that â€Å"the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green† (74).   Mr. Summers did many things to slowly ween the old tradition, the old harshness, out of the ordeal.   He had the wooden chips replaced with more convienent slips of paper.   He also â€Å"spoke frequently...about making a new box† (75), so, therefore, he also represented new ideas as well as old.   The new ideas that the close-minded village people would not accept.   If given the chance, Mr.   Summers would have more than likely accepted and backed the motion to cease the   lottery and stop the sacrifice.   Even though he conducted the lottery which someone was sacrificed (murdered) he is seen as one of the most innocent characters because of his â€Å"new† ideas and wishes for something better.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mr. Summers, with all of his importance, had someone over him though.   Mr. Graves, the postmaster, must have been of more importance and power than he   because Mr. Summers had to be sworn in by Mr. Graves before he could have the right to be the official of the lottery.   As the reader might easily derrive, Mr. Graves symbolizes the sacrificial killing being caused by the lottery.   His superiority over Mr. Summers is also symbolic.   It shows how the sacrifice and the lottery in itself is more important than the new ideas presented by Mr. Summers and a few other villagers.   But, Mr. Graves has many more villagers behind him sharing his views.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of these is Old Man Warner.   Mr. Warner is the oldest man in town and, therefore, having the most knowledge of what the original tradition was all about.   He lets us know that there has â€Å"always been a lottery† (77).   He is repetadly shown â€Å"warning† the younger parents and the younger generation of what they are in for if they do away with the lottery.

Argumentative Paper- Innocent Until Proven Guilty

More than 20 years ago, Troy Davis, an African-American man from Georgia, was convicted of shooting and killing an off-duty police officer and sentenced to death. Several years later, seven out of nine eyewitnesses altered or completely recanted their stories (Troy). There was an obvious lack of evidence linking Davis to the crime. His legal team argued that he was Just in the â€Å"wrong place at the wrong time† (Troy). The U. S. Supreme Court repeatedly ruled against Davis' appeals for a new trial. Davis was ultimately executed based on the original Jury verdict.Troy Davis maintained his innocence until his death by lethal injection on September 21, 2011. His last words to the family of the murdered officer were, â€Å"All I can ask is that you look deep into this case so you can really find the truth† (Troy). There are a countless number of convicts like Troy Davis that are sentenced to death, but insist they are innocent. How do we know if they are truly guilty or n ot? Just because a Jury finds a person guilty, does not mean they are. From 1976-2005, 119 people were released from death row with evidence of their innocence Cost).This hooked push lawmakers to abolish capital punishment, also known as, the death penalty. There are several reasons why the U. S. Should abolish the death penalty. First, and most obvious, the Innocent may be wrongly executed. There Is proof of wrongfully executed people. Yes, It Is very rare but it has happened before. Secondly, some Jurors are reluctant to convict If It meaner putting someone to death (Should). It Is bad enough to convict someone of a crime they did not do, sentencing an Innocent person to Jail time. Sentencing an Innocent person to death, Is an even more guilt- earning act.Meaning, some Jurors will not convict at all If they know they will have anything to do with putting a person to death. It may be because of their religious beliefs, uncertainty, or anything of that nature. Lastly, capital punish ment Is much more expensive than life In prison. It costs around $500,000 to keep a person In prison (Reasons). Executions cost approximately $2 million per person (Reasons). A large amount of this money comes from the taxpayers! Many people are for capital punishment and have strong beliefs on why It should stay In the U. S.First, the death penalty gives closure to the families of slain vellums (Should). They feel like Justice has been served. Secondly, It contributes to the problem of overpopulation In the prison system (Should). It Is true all U. S. And state federal prisons are overpopulated, some as much as 33% (U. S. ). Another reason people are pro-capital punishment, Is because DNA testing Is now available and can now effectively eliminate almost all uncertainty as to a person's guilt or Innocence (Should). Many people who opposed the death penalty are now for It, all because of the availability of DNA testing.They think If DNA proves a person Is guilty, then they are guilty . However, what If there Is not any DNA evidence, but other evidence linking a person to a crime such as, an eyewitness? Executing the murderer of a volt will give closure to the velum's family. What If simply meaner the real murderer is out on the street and able to take more lives. Pro capital punishment activists believe executing death row inmates will help solve the overpopulation problem in the U. S prisons. Obviously, yes it would but why would you want to think of a person as a waste of space?That person could actually be innocent and ultimately executed to help with the overpopulation Just because he was wrongfully convicted. Pro capital punishment activists also believe since DNA evidence is available now, there is almost no way a person can be wrongfully convicted. However, like Troy Davis' trial, some cases have no DNA evidence linking to them to a crime. WSDL you still execute them? The United States is ranked fifth in the world behind China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Ira q, among the number of executions (Death).

Charles Dickens Essay

How has Charles Dickens put forward to us a sense of the hardtimes as shown in the town and education system? A main theme in the Charles Dickens book, ‘Hard times’ is the Industrial Revolution, how technology had advanced drastically, yet the standard of peoples lives were decreasing and getting ever harder. No more is this emphasised, than through the basic layout and look of the, appropriately named, ‘Coketown’. The town was supposed be evolving both technology wise and money wise, yet each building was as plain and as dirty as the next, closely resembling most of the people who work and will work in the town, those being the young machinists – the children of ‘Coketown. ‘ Although the standard of living was supposedly better through the Industrial revolution, with new communication, transportation, and manufacturing methods, it meant there was an even greater demand for workers to work the machines. The life of a worker in the Revolution was, monotonous, and could kill the spirits of even the most imaginative of people. As a result, from a fairly young age, the children were taught not to have imaginations. ‘Only facts’ were to be learnt and applied to everyday life. Thomas Gradgrind is the patron of the school in which this process is highly used and believed in. Gradgrind himself was bought up believing there was nothing more to, ‘this life’ than facts. Imagination would only get in the way of the children when they started working in the factories. We are introduced to the method of teaching immediately at the beginning of the story. ‘What I want is Facts,’ and the opinion of the Gradgrind, being that, ‘Facts alone are wanted in life. ‘ To emphasize this, ‘facts’, has a capital F. According to this theory, there is no religion, no clear identity, and only one belief and purpose. This is ironic because most of the people of the time were quite religious Christians and it shows a contradiction between their beliefs and views. The first paragraph is almost a monologue with Gradgrind, because no one interrupts him. This shows his importance, the slight fear he inflicts on people, when the children spoke to him with a, ‘trembling voice’, and the respect they have for him. With these aspects in mind, it is easy to see how he influences the children’s minds and opinions. Gradgrind’s ambition is to, ‘plant nothing else and root out everything else,’ but facts. The children are not even to, ‘fancy’ anything. So much so, the room in which the children are being taught is just a, ‘plain, bare, monotonous vault,’ of a classroom. The word vault, indicates the children are trapped in the education system. Every bit in the room is the same, boring and dull and in no way creative – so the children would get no mental stimulation from it. It leaves little to the imagination, as with Gradgrind himself. Dickens uses technical and geometric words, like ‘square,’ and, ‘plain’ to put forward to us his rigidity in his belief as though the whole education system was personified through Gradgrind. In addition, the subject of facts also helped Dickens to describe Gradgrind. Through his, ‘inflexible,’ voice. Unchangeable, like the childrens futures. Also, his necktie, wrapped around his neck, ‘like, a stubborn fact. ‘ With the inspector watching the class, this style of education was enforced on the teachers. As a result, they themselves were ready to teach the children in such a way, it would blow the children, ‘clean out of the regions of childhood. ‘ Gradgrind himself, believes that this is the right way of teaching. Consequently, he has learnt little about the complexity of human nature, causing him to believe that everything about people can be simply reduced to science, and that by training the, ‘vessels’ in the way he is, he is giving them a future and a chance in life, when really he is removing them. The metaphor, ‘vessels’ is the word Gradgrind uses for children. It shows first hand how he thinks about his children. A class comes in, he fills them with facts like a bucket, then they go to work in a factory. A new class comes in, and so on, all the time, them learning nothing about morals and principles of life. Chapter two is metaphorically named, ‘Murdering of the Innocents’. It shows what the education system is potentially doing to the children in it. It is not only killing the children’s imagination and identity, but also deprives them of a decent future. With the education currently received, the children will be both physically and mentally, ‘deformed’. The true impact on the education system to the children, is shown in chapter when two children are juxtaposed. One child, by name of Sissy has just moved to the school, and another child, Bitzer, has been taught at the school for most of his life. Our first introduction to Sissy, is by her being called, ‘number 20,’ by Gradgrind. This is because a name shows a personality, and imagination, along with nicknames. As a result, Gradgring calls herself, ‘Cecilia’. Anything in the children’s lives which requires imagination, a unique style, is removed by Gradgrind, quite easily because of the respect the children have for him. He rejects Sissy’s father belonging to, ‘the horse-riding’. He then gives the job the title of a, ‘veterinary surgeon’. This is ironic, because Sissy has dealt with horses all her life, so understands them more and probably knows more about them than Gradgrind does, yet he doesn’t want understanding, he wants facts. That is why Sissy cant give the definition of a horse.